All-solid-state radiometers for environmental studies to 700 GHz

We report results with an all-solid-state radiometer for measurements of the ClO molecule at 649 GHz. The project is part of a program to provide low-noise, low-weight, low-power radiometers for space operation, and special effort has been expended on the development of high-efficiency solid-state frequency multipliers and Schottky-barrier mixers with low local oscillator power requirements. The best measured system noise temperature was 1750 K with the mixer and preamplifier cooled to 77 K. The mixer diode was easily pumped into saturation, indicating that the design has excellent prospects of operating at higher frequencies - our present design goal being 1 THz. We comment on the principal design features of such systems and will report on stratospheric measurements performed with this system

Changes in the composition of marine and sea-ice diatoms derived from sedimentary ancient DNA of the eastern Fram Strait over the past 30 000 years

The Fram Strait is an area with a relatively low and irregular distribution of diatom microfossils in surface sediments, and thus microfossil records are scarce, rarely exceed the Holocene, and contain sparse information about past richness and taxonomic composition. These attributes make the Fram Strait an ideal study site to test the utility of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) metabarcoding. Amplifying a short, partial rbcL marker from samples of sediment core MSM05/5-712-2 resulted in 95.7 % of our sequences being assigned to diatoms across 18 different families, with 38.6 % of them being resolved to species and 25.8 % to genus level. Independent replicates show a high similarity of PCR products, especially in the oldest samples. Diatom sedaDNA richness is highest in the Late Weichselian and lowest in Mid- and Late Holocene samples. Taxonomic composition is dominated by cold-water and sea-ice-associated diatoms and suggests several reorganisations – after the Last Glacial Maximum, after the Younger Dryas, and after the Early and after the Mid-Holocene. Different sequences assigned to, amongst others, Chaetoceros socialis indicate the detectability of intra-specific diversity using sedaDNA. We detect no clear pattern between our diatom sedaDNA record and the previously published IP25 record of this core, although proportions of pennate diatoms increase with higher IP25 concentrations and proportions of Nitzschia cf. frigida exceeding 2 % of the assemblage point towards past sea-ice presence

The Changing Landscape for Stroke\ua0Prevention in AF: Findings From the GLORIA-AF Registry Phase 2

Background GLORIA-AF (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) is a prospective, global registry program describing antithrombotic treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation at risk of stroke. Phase 2 began when dabigatran, the first non\u2013vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC), became available. Objectives This study sought to describe phase 2 baseline data and compare these with the pre-NOAC era collected during phase 1. Methods During phase 2, 15,641 consenting patients were enrolled (November 2011 to December 2014); 15,092 were eligible. This pre-specified cross-sectional analysis describes eligible patients\u2019 baseline characteristics. Atrial fibrillation disease characteristics, medical outcomes, and concomitant diseases and medications were collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Of the total patients, 45.5% were female; median age was 71 (interquartile range: 64, 78) years. Patients were from Europe (47.1%), North America (22.5%), Asia (20.3%), Latin America (6.0%), and the Middle East/Africa (4.0%). Most had high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age  6575 years, Diabetes mellitus, previous Stroke, Vascular disease, Age 65 to 74 years, Sex category] score  652; 86.1%); 13.9% had moderate risk (CHA2DS2-VASc = 1). Overall, 79.9% received oral anticoagulants, of whom 47.6% received NOAC and 32.3% vitamin K antagonists (VKA); 12.1% received antiplatelet agents; 7.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. For comparison, the proportion of phase 1 patients (of N = 1,063 all eligible) prescribed VKA was 32.8%, acetylsalicylic acid 41.7%, and no therapy 20.2%. In Europe in phase 2, treatment with NOAC was more common than VKA (52.3% and 37.8%, respectively); 6.0% of patients received antiplatelet treatment; and 3.8% received no antithrombotic treatment. In North America, 52.1%, 26.2%, and 14.0% of patients received NOAC, VKA, and antiplatelet drugs, respectively; 7.5% received no antithrombotic treatment. NOAC use was less common in Asia (27.7%), where 27.5% of patients received VKA, 25.0% antiplatelet drugs, and 19.8% no antithrombotic treatment. Conclusions The baseline data from GLORIA-AF phase 2 demonstrate that in newly diagnosed nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients, NOAC have been highly adopted into practice, becoming more frequently prescribed than VKA in Europe and North America. Worldwide, however, a large proportion of patients remain undertreated, particularly in Asia and North America. (Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation [GLORIA-AF]; NCT01468701

Dose-dependent effects of the Cimicifuga racemosa Extract Ze 450 in the treatment of climacteric complaints: A randomized, placebo-controlled study

Extracts from Cimicifuga racemosa (CR, synonym Actaea racemosa) have shown efficacy in trials in women with menopausal symptoms. Yet, dose dependency remains unclear. Therefore, 180 female outpatients with climacteric complaints were treated for 12 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-armed trial (CR extract Ze 450 in 6.5 mg or 13.0 mg, or placebo). Primary outcome was the difference in menopausal symptoms (vasomotor, psychological, and somatic), assessed by the Kupperman Menopausal Index between baseline and week 12. Secondary efficacy variables were patients' self-assessments of general quality of life (QoL), responder rates, and safety. Compared to placebo, patients receiving Ze 450 showed a significant reduction in the severity of menopausal symptoms in a dose-dependent manner from baseline to endpoint (mean absolute differences 17.0 (95% CI 14.65-19.35) score points, P < 0.0001 for 13.0 mg; mean absolute differences 8.47 (95% CI 5.55-11.39) score points, P = 0.0003 for 6.5 mg). QoL and responder rates corresponded with the main endpoint. Changes in menopausal symptoms and QoL were inversely correlated. Reported adverse events and clinical laboratory testing did not raise safety concerns. The CR extract Ze 450 is an effective and well-tolerated nonhormonal alternative to hormone treatment for symptom relief in menopausal women

Дозозалежний ефект екстракту Cimicifuga racemosa Ze 450 (препарат сімідона) в лікуванні клімактеричних скарг рандомізоване плацебо-контрольоване дослідження

Since large epidemiological studies with long-term hormonal replacement therapy have shown a small but significantly increased risk for the development of invasive breast cancer, there is an increasing interest in nonhormonal treatment modalities for patients with climacteric symptoms.Cimicifuga racemosa is a perennial medicinal plant native to North America where it has been used for centuries in indigenous medicine for the treatment of various conditions. Extracts from Cimicifuga racemosa (CR, synonym Actaea racemosa) have shown efficacy in trials in women with menopausal symptoms. Yet, dose dependency remains unclear. Therefore, 180 female outpatients with climacteric complaints were treated for 12 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-armed trial (CR extract Ze 450 in 6.5 mg or 13.0 mg, or placebo). The study took place in four outpatient clinics.Primary outcome was the difference in menopausal symptoms (vasomotor, psychological, and somatic), assessed by the Kupperman Menopausal Index between baseline and week 12.Secondary efficacy variables were patients’ self-assessments of general quality of life, responder rates, and safety.Compared to placebo, patients receiving Ze 450 showed a significant reduction in the severity of menopausal symptoms in a dose-dependent manner from baseline to endpoint (mean absolute differences 17.0 (95% CI 14.65–19.35) score points, р &lt; 0.0001 for 13.0 mg; mean absolute differences 8.47 (95% CI 5.55–11.39) score points, р = 0.0003 for 6.5 mg). Quality of life and responder rates corresponded with the main endpoint. Changes in menopausal symptoms and quality of life were inversely correlated. Reported adverse events and clinical laboratory testing did not raise safety concerns. The CR extract Ze 450 is an effective and well-tolerated nonhormonal alternative to hormone treatment for symptom relief in menopausal women.С тех пор как крупные эпидемиологические исследования с долгосрочным использованием заместительной гормональной терапии показали небольшой, но достоверно повышенный риск развития инвазивного рака молочной железы, растет интерес к негормональной терапии пациенток с климактерическими симптомами.Cimicifuga racemosa (CR, синоним Actaea racemosa, клопогон кистевидный) является многолетним лекарственным растением, произрастающим в Северной Америке, где оно применяется в течение многих столетий в местной медицине для лечения различных недугов. Экстракты Cimicifuga racemosa показали свою эффективность в исследованиях у женщин с симптомами менопаузы, однако необходимая доза была неясной. Поэтому было выполнено рандомизированное двойное слепое плацебо-контролируемое тринаправленное исследование с участием 180 амбулаторных пациенток с климактерическими жалобами, которые в течение 12 недель принимали 6,5 мг или 13,0 мг экстракта CR Ze 450 или плацебо. Исследование проводилось в четырех амбулаторных медицинских учреждениях.Первичным исходом было различие в симптомах менопаузы (вазомоторные, психологические и соматические), оцениваемых исходно и через 12 недель по менопаузальному индексу Куппермана. Вторичными исходами были: самооценка пациентками общего качества их жизни, степень ответа на лечение и безопасность терапии.По сравнению с плацебо, у пациенток, получавших Ze 450, выявлено значительное дозозависимое уменьшение выраженности симптомов менопаузы, от исходного уровня до конечной точки (для 13,0 мг средняя абсолютная разница составила 17,0 (95% доверительный интервал 14,65–19,35) баллов, р &lt; 0,0001, для 6,5 мг средняя абсолютная разница 8,47 (95% доверительный интервал 5,55–11,39) баллов, р=0,0003). Качество жизни и степень ответа на лечение соответствовали основной конечной точке.Изменения менопаузальных симптомов и качества жизни обратно коррелировали. Не было побочных эффектов, и клинико-лабораторные исследования не выявили проблем с безопасностью препарата. Экстракт CR Ze 450 является эффективной и хорошо переносимой негормональной альтернативой гормональной терапии для облегчения симптомов менопаузы.Відтоді як великі епідеміологічні дослідження з довгостроковим застосуванням замісної гормональної терапії показали невеликий, але вірогідно підвищений ризик розвитку інвазивного раку молочної залози, зростає інтерес до негормональної терапії пацієнток із клімактеричними симптомами.Cimicifuga racemosa (CR, синонім Actaea racemosa, клопогін гроновидний) є багаторічною лікарською рослиною, яка росте в Північній Америці, де застосовується протягом багатьох століть у місцевій медицині для лікування різних недуг. Екстракти Cimicifuga racemosa показали свою ефективність у дослідженнях у жінок із симптомами менопаузи, однак необхідна доза залишалася нез’ясованою. Тому було виконано рандомізоване подвійне сліпе плацебо-контрольоване тринаправлене дослідження за участю 180 амбулаторних пацієнток із клімактеричним скаргами, які протягом 12 тижнів приймали 6,5 мг або 13,0 мг екстракту CR Ze 450 або плацебо. Дослідження проводилося в чотирьох амбулаторних медичних установах.Первинним результатом була відмінність у симптомах менопаузи (вазомоторні, психологічні та соматичні), які оцінювались початково і через 12 тижнів за допомогою менопаузального індексу Куппермана. Вторинними результатами були: самооцінка пацієнтками загальної якості життя, ступінь відповіді на лікування і безпека терапії. У порівнянні з плацебо в пацієнток, які отримували Ze 450, було виявлено значне зменшення вираженості симптомів менопаузи в залежності від дози порівняно з вихідним рівнем до кінцевої точки (для 13,0 мг середня абсолютна різниця склала 17,0 (95% довірчий інтервал 14,65–19,35) балів, р &lt; 0,0001, для 6,5 мг середня абсолютна різниця 8,47 (95% довірчий інтервал 5,55–11,39) балів, р = 0,0003). Якість життя і ступінь відповіді на лікування відповідали основний кінцевій точці. Зміни менопаузальних симптомів та якості життя зворотно корелювали. Побічні ефекти були відсутні, а клініко-лабораторні дослідження не виявили проблем із безпекою препарату. Екстракт CR Ze 450 є ефективним і добре переноситься, будучи негормональною альтернативою гормональній терапії для полегшення симптомів менопаузи

Interactions between Macroparticles and High-Energy Proton Beams

A known threat to the availability of the LHC is the interaction of macroparticles (dust particles) with the LHC proton beam. At the foreseen beam energy of 6.5 TeV during Run 2, quench margins in the superconducting magnets will be 2-3 times lower, and beam losses due such interactions may result in magnet quenches. The study introduce an improved numerical model of such interactions, as well as Monte-Carlo simulations that give the probability that such events will result in a beam-dump during Run 2

Buchgemeinschaften der Arbeiterbewegung in der Weimarer Republik ein Bestandsverzeichnis

SIGLEFES Bonn(Bo133)-C82-211 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Die Gruenen in Schleswig-Holstein und die 'Kieler Liste fuer Auslaenderbegrenzung eine Analyse der Wahlen bis 1982

UuStB Koeln(38)-890106110 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Contribution of novel ATGL missense mutations to the clinical phenotype of NLSD-M: a strikingly low amount of lipase activity may preserve cardiac function

The lack of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing enzyme that hydrolyzes fatty acids from triacylglycerol (TAG) stored in multiple tissues, causes the autosomal recessive disorder neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy (NLSD-M). In two families of Lebanese and Italian origin presenting with NLSD-M, we identified two new missense mutations in highly conserved regions of ATGL (p.Arg221Pro and p.Asn172Lys) and a novel nonsense mutation (p.Trp8X). The Lebanese patients harbor homozygous p.Arg221Pro, whereas the Italian patients are heterozygotes for p.Asn172Lys and the p.Trp8X mutation. The p.Trp8X mutation results in a complete absence of ATGL protein, while the p.Arg221Pro and p.Asn172Lys mutations result in proteins with minimal lipolytic activity. Although these mutations did not affect putative catalytic residues or the lipid droplet (LD)-binding domain of ATGL, cytosolic LDs accumulated in cultured skin fibroblasts from the patients. The missense mutations might destabilize a random coil (p.Asn172Lys) or a helix (p.Arg221Pro) structure within or proximal to the patatin domain of the lipase, thereby interfering with the enzyme activity, while leaving intact the residues required to localize the protein to LDs. Overexpressing wild-type ATGL in one patient's fibroblasts corrected the metabolic defect and effectively reduced the number and area of cellular LDs. Despite the poor lipase activity in vitro, the Lebanese siblings have a mild myopathy and not clinically evident myocardial dysfunction. The patients of Italian origin show a late-onset and slowly progressive skeletal myopathy. These findings suggest that a small amount of correctly localized lipase activity preserves cardiac function in NLSD-M